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Chandrayaan-3 Rover : In a monumental achievement, Chandrayaan 3’s Vikram lander has recently made a historic touchdown on the moon’s surface, and the Pragyan rover has been successfully deployed near the lunar south pole. Among the limited number of active rovers on the moon, China’s Yutu 2 rover, sent by the Chang’e 4 mission, stands as the only other operational counterpart. In this article, we delve into the fascinating journey of these two lunar rovers, exploring their current status, activities, and the intriguing distances that separate them.
The achievement of Chandrayaan 3‘s Vikram lander successfully reaching the lunar surface is a significant milestone in India’s space exploration journey. The subsequent deployment of the Chandrayaan-3 Rover near the moon’s south pole has opened up new avenues for scientific exploration. This feat is a testament to the expertise and dedication of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
China’s Chang’e 4 mission has brought the Yutu 2 rover to the moon’s far side. Although China has shared limited updates on Yutu 2’s current activities, Bloomberg’s report suggests that the rover continues to traverse the lunar terrain. Yutu 2’s operational pattern includes powering down during the harsh two-week lunar night when temperatures plummet to staggering lows of below minus 170°C. This strategy helps the rover withstand the extreme conditions of the moon’s nights.
Calculating the distance between these two rovers involves intricate measurements and considerations. According to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the Chandrayaan 3’s Vikram lander successfully landed in the planned area. Syed Ahmed, a former ISRO scientist now working for XDLINX labs, estimates the distance between the two active rovers to be roughly 1,948 km.
In contrast, another space expert, Shanmuga Subramanian, calculates the distance to be approximately 1,891 km, with a potential variation of ± 5 km. This estimation highlights a unique circumstance in which Earthlings have managed to position two rovers consecutively on the moon’s surface.
The Chandrayaan-3 Rover, positioned near the moon’s south pole, is equipped to survey the lunar terrain within its vicinity. However, its range is limited, with a capacity to cover up to 500 meters from its lander, Vikram. This localized exploration allows Pragyan to gather valuable data about the lunar environment in its immediate proximity.
China’s Yutu 2 rover has charted a different course in its lunar exploration. Rather than venturing far from its initial landing site, it has remained relatively close to its starting point. This strategy allows for focused studies of a specific region of the moon’s surface, yielding detailed insights into its geological and physical characteristics.
While both rovers are actively contributing to our understanding of the moon, they differ in terms of their mission lifespans. Pragyan’s operational window is limited to one lunar day, equivalent to approximately 14 Earth days. In contrast, Yutu 2 has been operational since early 2019, enduring multiple lunar days.
China’s upcoming Chang’e 6 mission aims to collect samples from the moon’s far side, marking another significant milestone in lunar exploration. This endeavor represents a crucial step toward unraveling the mysteries of the moon’s geological history and composition.
Aside from the active rovers, numerous lunar orbiters continue to contribute to our understanding of the moon. Notable examples include NASA’s Artemis P1 and P2 probes, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), ISRO’s Chandrayaan-2, the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO), and NASA’s Capstone. While some past missions have concluded their operations, these orbiters continue to provide valuable data.
The lunar exploration journey has not been without its challenges. Some orbiters have intentionally shifted their orbits or impacted the moon’s surface, often due to planned maneuvers or landing failures. Notably, China’s Queqiao data relay satellite for Chang’e 4 has been repositioned to a halo orbit near Earth-Moon L2 point.
The success of Chandrayaan 3’s Vikram lander and Chandrayaan-3 Rover, coupled with China’s Yutu 2 rover, exemplifies humanity’s remarkable strides in lunar exploration. As these rovers continue their missions, they offer insights into the moon’s secrets, expanding our knowledge of the universe beyond our planet.
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The Chandrayaan-3 Rover is designed to conduct scientific surveys of the lunar surface near the moon’s south pole.
Experts estimate the distance to be around 1,891 to 1,948 km between the two rovers.
Yutu 2 has been operational since early 2019 and has endured multiple lunar days.
Chang’e 6 aims to collect samples from the moon’s far side, providing insights into its geological history.
As of July 2023, six lunar orbiters remain operational, contributing to our understanding of the moon’s features and characteristics.
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